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Low Incomes: Children

Volume 479: debated on Monday 29 September 2008

To ask the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions what the median income was in each region in the UK in the last 12 months for which figures are available; and what estimate he has made of the number of children who lived in households with incomes of less than (a) 60 per cent. and (b) 40 per cent. of the regional median, in each region, during that period. (221163)

Specific information regarding low income for Great Britain is available in “Households Below Average Income 1994/95 to 2006/07”. This annual report, which is a National Statistics publication, includes the numbers and proportions of individuals, children, working age adults and pensioners with incomes below 50 per cent. 60 per cent. and 70 per cent. of the national median income, and the proportions in persistent poverty.

Information covering 40 per cent. of median income is not presented in the Households Below Average Income series as it is an unreliable measure of poverty. Households stating the lowest incomes to the Family Resources Survey may not actually have the lowest living standards. Many people who report very low incomes appear to have high spending. Hence any statistics on numbers in this group may be misleading.

The available information is in the following tables.

Median income in each region in the UK for the years 2004-05 to 2006-07

£ per week equivalised

Region

Before Housing Costs

After Housing Costs

North East

338

291

North West

350

301

Yorkshire and the Humber

349

299

East Midlands

356

310

West Midlands

343

293

East of England

401

340

London

421

335

South East

435

361

South West

378

323

Scotland

371

323

Wales

346

304

Northern Ireland

342

302

Number of children below 60 per cent. of each regional median income in the UK for the years 2004-05 to 2006-07

Million

Region

Before Housing Costs

After Housing Costs

North East

0.1

0.1

North West

0.3

0.4

Yorkshire and the Humber

0.2

0.3

East Midlands

0.2

0.2

West Midlands

0.2

0.3

East of England

0.2

0.3

London

0.5

0.7

South East

0.4

0.6

South West

0.2

0.3

Scotland

0.2

0.3

Wales

0.1

0.2

Northern Ireland

0.1

0.1

Number of children below 40 per cent. of each regional median income in the UK for the years 2004-05 to 2006-07

Million

Region

Before Housing Costs

After Housing Costs

North East

North West

0.1

0.1

Yorkshire and the Humber

0.1

East Midlands

0.1

West Midlands

0.1

0.1

East of England

0.1

0.1

London

0.2

0.3

South East

0.1

0.2

South West

0.1

0.1

Scotland

0.1

Wales

0.1

Northern Ireland

Notes:

1. These statistics are based on Households Below Average Income data.

2. Small differences should be treated with caution as these will be affected by sampling error and variability in non-response.

3. ‘—’ denotes less than 50,000 children.

4. The reference period for Households Below Average Income figures is single financial years. Three sample years have been combined as regional single year estimates are subject to volatility.

5. The income measures used to derive the estimates shown employ the same methodology as the Department for Work and Pensions publication ‘Households Below Average Income’ series, which uses disposable household income, adjusted (or “equivalised”) for household size and composition, as an income measure as a proxy for standard of living.

6. The figures are based on OECD equivalisation factors.

7. Regional median incomes are presented in 2006-07 prices.

8. Figures have been presented on both a Before Housing Cost and After Housing Cost basis. For Before Housing Cost, housing costs (such as rent, water rates, mortgage interest payments, structural insurance payments and ground rent and service charges) are not deducted from income, while for After Housing Cost they are.

9. This response includes a lower income threshold of 40 per cent. of the contemporary median income. The data for households with an income lower than 50 per cent. of median are not considered to be accurate as an indicator of living standards. Many of these households whilst having very low incomes would not be considered poor, but do genuinely have few sources of income in the short-run. These figures are not National Statistics and caution must be applied because those people stating the lowest incomes in the Family Resources Survey may not actually have the lowest living standards.

10. Regional median incomes have been rounded to the nearest pound sterling, while numbers of children in low-income households have been rounded to the nearest 100,000 children.