To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs how much his Department has spent on research on a bovine tuberculosis vaccine in each of the last three years. (229330)

[holding answer 23 October 2008]: DEFRA has spent the following amounts on bovine TB vaccine research over last three years:

Of the total, this works out at around £6.7 million on cattle vaccines and £5.8 million on badger vaccines.