The Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) continue to pose a destabilising presence in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo as violent attacks on civilians, particularly sexual violence against women, still occur. However efforts against the FDLR are ongoing, including recent military operations in the Kivus which have weakened the command and control structures, as have the arrests of key members of the leadership in Europe. Efforts in 2009 through the Disarmament, Demobilization, Repatriation, Resettlement and Reintegration programme have led to 1,997 FDLR being demobilised, with 1,552 repatriated to Rwanda, three times as many as in 2008.