Smoking Questions Asked by Lord Stoddart of Swindon To ask Her Majesty's Government what are the latest figures for the number of men and women who died from diseases they describe as smoking-related; how many of those were smokers of tobacco; and how many were aged (a) 35–54, (b) 55–64, (c) 65–74, and (d) over 75. [HL2352] The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State, Department of Health (Lord Darzi of Denham) The information requested is not available in the format requested. Smoking status is not recorded on the death certificate, therefore it is impossible to say how many people who died from smoking-related diseases were smokers of tobacco. Estimates of deaths attributable to smoking are based on three pieces of information: estimates of smoking prevalence of both current cigarette smokers and ex-smokers, taken from the General Household Survey ; relative risks of death for both smokers and ex-smokers for diseases known to be associated with smoking as published in Statistics on smoking, England 2008 and presented here in table 2; and observed numbers of deaths from those diseases, which can be caused by smoking. Table 1 shows the number of all deaths from diseases that can be caused by smoking, the number of deaths that are deemed to be attributable to smoking and the proportion of deaths from smoking-related diseases that can be attributed to smoking, for all adults aged 35 and over and for ages 35 to 54, 55 to 64, 65 to 74 and 75 and over. Table 2 gives the relative risks of dying from each of the diseases that are deemed to be attributable to smoking for current and ex-smokers (relative to the risk of dying from those diseases for non-smokers). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |England | | | | |Numbers/ Per cent| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | |35 and over|35-54|55-64 |65-74 |75 and over | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |All diseases caused in part by smoking | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |Observed number of deaths | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |Men |133,291 |7,083|15,565|28,884|81,759 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |Women |133,889 |3,702|7,904 |17,586|104,697 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |Deaths attributable to smoking | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |Men |49,700 |3,600|7,800 |12,600|25,700 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |Women |32,700 |1,600|3,500 |6,600 |20,900 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |Percentage of deaths attributable to smoking| | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |Men |37 |51 |50 |44 |31 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |Women |24 |44 |45 |38 |20 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Source: Mortality Statistics extract (Registered deaths in 2007). Office for National Statistics (ONS) General Household Survey, 2007. Office for National Statistics (ONS) Statistics on smoking, England 2008. The NHS Information Centre -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | |Male smokers| |Female smokers| | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Diseases that can be caused by smoking |ICD-10 code |Age |Current |Ex |Current |Ex | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Malignant Neoplasms | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Lip, Oral Cavity, Pharynx |C00-C14 |35+ |10.89 |3.40 |5.08 |2.29 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Oesophagus |C15 |35+ |6.76 |4.46 |7.75 |2.79 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Stomach |C16 |35+ |1.96 |1.47 |1.36 |1.32 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Pancreas |C25 |35+ |2.31 |1.15 |2.25 |1.55 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Larynx |C32 |35+ |14.60 |6.34 |13.02 |5.16 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Trachea, Lung, Bronchus |C33-C34 |35+ |23.26 |8.70 |12.69 |4.53 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Cervix Uteri |C53 |35+ |1.00 |1.00 |1.59 |1.14 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Kidney and Renal Pelvis 2 |C64-C65, C66, C68|35+ |2.50 |1.70 |1.40 |1.10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Urinary Bladder |C67 |35+ |3.27 |2.09 |2.22 |1.89 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Malignant neoplasm without specification of site 2|C80 |35+ |4.40 |2.50 |2.20 |1.30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Myeloid Leukemia 2 |C92 |35+ |1.80 |1.40 |1.20 |1.30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Cardiovascular Diseases | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Ischemic Heart Disease 2 |120-125 |35-54|4.20 |2.00 |5.30 |2.60 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | |55-64|2.50 |1.60 |2.80 |1.10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | |65-74|1.80 |1.30 |2.10 |1.20 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | |75+ |1.40 |1.10 |1.40 |1.20 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Other Heart Disease |100-109, 126-151 | |1.78 |1.22 |1.49 |1.14 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Cerebrovascular Disease 2 |160-169 |35-54|4.40 |1.10 |5.40 |1.30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | |55-64|3.10 |1.10 |3.70 |1.30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | |65-74|2.20 |1.10 |2.60 |1.30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | |75+ |1.60 |1.10 |1.30 |1.00 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Atherosclerosis |170 |35+ |2.44 |1.33 |1.83 |1.00 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Aortic Aneurysm |171 |35+ |6.21 |3.07 |7.07 |2.07 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Other Arterial Diseases |172-178 |35+ |2.07 |1.01 |2.17 |1.12 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Respiratory Diseases | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Pneumonia, Influenza 2 |J10-J18 |35-64|2.50 |1.40 |4.30 |1.10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | |65+ |2.00 |1.40 |2.20 |1.10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Bronchitis, Emphysema |J40-J42, J43 |35+ |17.10 |15.64|12.04 |11.77| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Chronic Airway Obstruction |J44 |35+ |10.58 |6.80 |13.08 |6.78 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Stomach ulcer, Duodenal ulcer |K25-K27 |35+ |5.40 |1.80 |5.50 |1.40 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Based on CPS-11 1982-88 figures, taken from CHP2007 / SAMMEC I USDHHS2004 unless stated 2. Based on CPS-II 1982-88 data, taken from UK Smoking Epidemic (1998) Source: Health Profile of England 2007, Department of Health Copyright © 2008, re-used with the permission of the Department of Health Asked by Lord Stoddart of Swindon To ask Her Majesty's Government what is the proportion of deaths from diseases they describe as smoking-related to total deaths from all causes. [HL2353] Lord Darzi of Denham Estimates of deaths attributable to smoking are based on three pieces of information: estimates of smoking prevalence of both current cigarette smokers and ex-smokers, taken from the General Household Survey; relative risks of death for both smokers and ex-smokers for diseases known to be associated with smoking as published in Statistics on smoking, England 2008 and presented here in table 2; and observed numbers of deaths from those diseases, which can be caused by smoking. Table 1 shows the number of all deaths from all diseases, the number of deaths that are deemed to be attributable to smoking and the proportion of deaths from all diseases that can be attributed to smoking for adults aged 35 and over. Table 2 gives the relative risks of dying from each of the diseases that are deemed to be attributable to smoking for current and ex-smokers (relative to the risk of dying from those diseases for non-smokers). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |England | | |Numbers/Per cent| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | |All adults|Men |Women | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Observed deaths from all diseases |459,629 |217,352|242,277 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Observed Deaths attributable to smoking |82,400 |49,700 |32,700 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Percentage of all deaths attributable to smoking|18 |23 |13 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source: Mortality Statistics extract (Registered deaths in 2007). Office for National Statistics (ONS) General Household Survey, 2007. Office for National Statistics (ONS) Statistics on smoking, England 2008. The NHS Information Centre -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | |Male smokers| |Female smokers| | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Diseases that can be caused by smoking |ICD-10 code |Age |Current |Ex |Current |Ex | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Malignant Neoplasms | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Lip, Oral Cavity, Pharynx |C00-C14 |35+ |10.89 |3.40 |5.08 |2.29 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Oesophagus |C15 |35+ |6.76 |4.46 |7.75 |2.79 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Stomach |C16 |35+ |1.96 |1.47 |1.36 |1.32 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Pancreas |C25 |35+ |2.31 |1.15 |2.25 |1.55 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Larynx |C32 |35+ |14.60 |6.34 |13.02 |5.16 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Trachea, Lung, Bronchus |C33-C34 |35+ |23.26 |8.70 |12.69 |4.53 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Cervix Uteri |C53 |35+ |1.00 |1.00 |1.59 |1.14 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Kidney and Renal Pelvis2 |C64-C65, C66, C68|35+ |2.50 |1.70 |1.40 |1.10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Urinary Bladder |C67 |35+ |3.27 |2.09 |2.22 |1.89 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Malignant neoplasm without specification of site 2|C80 |35+ |4.40 |2.50 |2.20 |1.30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Myeloid Leukemia 2 |C92 |35+ |1.80 |1.40 |1.20 |1.30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Cardiovascular Diseases | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Ischemic Heart Disease 2 |120-125 |35-54|4.20 |2.00 |5.30 |2.60 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | |55-64|2.50 |1.60 |2.80 |1,10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | |65-74|1.80 |1.30 |2.10 |1.20 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | |75+ |1.40 |1.10 |1.40 |1.20 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Other Heart Disease |100-109, 126-151 | |1.78 |1.22 |1.49 |1.14 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Cerebro -vascular Disease 2 |160-169 |35-54|4.40 |1.10 |5.40 |1.30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | |55-64|3.10 |1.10 |3.70 |1.30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | |65-74|2.20 |1,10 |2.60 |1.30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | |75+ |1.60 |1.10 |1.30 |1.00 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Atherosclerosis |170 |35+ |2.44 |1.33 |1.83 |1.00 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Aortic Aneurysm |171 |35+ |6.21 |3.07 |7.07 |2.07 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Other Arterial Diseases |172-178 |35+ |2.07 |1.01 |2.17 |1.12 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Respiratory Diseases | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Pneumonia, Influenza 2 |J10-J18 |35-64|2.50 |1.40 |4.30 |1.10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | |65+ |2.00 |1.40 |2.20 |1.10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Bronchitis, Emphysema |J40-J42, J43 |35+ |17.10 |15.64|12.04 |11.77| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Chronic Airway Obstruction |J44 |35+ |10.58 |6.80 |13.08 |6.78 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Stomach ulcer, Duodenal ulcer |K25-K27 |35+ |5.40 |1.80 |5.50 |1.40 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Based on CPS-11 1982-88 figures, taken from CHP2007/ SAMMEC/USDHHS2004 unless stated 2. Based on CPS-II 1982-88 data, taken from UK Smoking Epidemic (1998) Source: Health Profile of England 2007, Department of Health Copyright © 2008, re-used with the permission of the Department of Health