Written Answers
War
Separation Allowances
Increased Rates Fob Children
asked the Prime Minister whether the Government can now state their scheme for increased allowances to the soldiers' wives and children?
The War Cabinet have considered the Report of the Committee on the Increase of Separation Allowances to Wives and Dependants of Warrant Officers, Petty Officers, Non-commissioned Officers and Men of His Majesty's Forces, and have come to the following decisions:
I—Wives And Children
After due consideration of all the figures put forward by the Admiralty, War Office, and Air Ministry, the War Cabinet summarise their decisions under this heading as follows:
It is estimated that the cost of the above proposals will be, approximately, £14,000,000 a year for the three Services.
Ii—Issue Of Allowances To The Parents Of Unmarried Apprentices, Students And Youths On Progressive Wages
Dependants' allowance is based on the net contribution made by the soldier to the parents before enlistment.
In the early days of the War many lads joined the Colours before they had begun to earn sufficiently, whether by reason of apprenticeship, secondary education, or other causes, and no dependants' allowance, therefore, was issuable to their parents. Others remained in civil life until called up under the Military Service Acts. Wages had risen rapidly meanwhile and they were able to make substantial weekly payments to their parents before enlistment, and dependants' allowance was payable on their becoming soldiers.
This is felt to be a great hardship from the point of view of the parents of the lad who early joined the Colours, and the hardship is accentuated by the fact that pension on the soldier's death depends on the allowance his parents drew while he was alive.
But so long as pre-enlistment contribution is maintained as the basis of the parents' allowance the grievance cannot fully be remedied. It has therefore been decided that an exception should be made in the class of case alluded to above, and that when the soldier has attained twenty-one years of age, by which time he would have been able to make some contribution to the family income, some allowance should be paid to the parents.
The possibility of investigation of individual cases was carefully considered. Such investigations could only be made by the Special Grants Committee and the local war pensions committees. After full consideration it was decided that not only was there not sufficient staff and accommodation available to deal with the very large amount of extra work involved, but that the inevitable delay in adjudicating on all cases would be so great that this course was impracticable.
It was therefore decided that there was no alternative to a flat rate being given to the parents of all sailors, soldiers, and airmen over the age of twenty-one and under the age of twenty-three. The War Cabinet have fixed this at 5s. a week.
Consequent upon this it will be necessary to bring up to the same level the allowances of less amount which are at present paid. The Special Grants Committee's powers will therefore be extended to enable them to grant allowances up to the full State separation allowance limit in any case where a parent can show that an allowance is necessary, and that an unmarried son who enlisted under the age of twenty-three would, if in civil life, have been in receipt of wages sufficient to enable him to make a contribution or a larger contribution to his parent. The actual amount of the allowance given by the Special Grants Committee would be governed by the circumstances of the case.
This flat-rate allowance is limited to those soldiers who have attained twenty-one years of age and who were under twenty-three on enlistment. Older men would have been in a position to earn full wages and to make full contribution to their parents' support.
The cost of this proposal is roughly, estimated to amount to £9,000,000 for the first year.
The cost of pensions is estimated at £2,600,000 for the year 1919–20, which will approximate to the maximum annual cost.
These allowances will date from the first pay day in October, but it must be recognised that owing to the immense number of cases to be dealt with, it will not be possible for the Army to begin payment before the 1st November, and it will be several months after that date before the revision of Army allowances is completed.
The decisions under this heading are summarised as follows:
Iii—Supplementation Of Separation Allowances
In taking into consideration the present rates of separation allowances payable to wives or dependants of sailors, soldiers or airmen, the War Cabinet had due regard to the present supplementation of separation allowances paid by the Special Grants Committee and the Military Service (Civil Liabilities) Committee.
A. Gases Dealt with by the Special Grants Committees and Local War Pensions Committees.
B. Cases when the Contractual Obligations Exceed 12 s. a week are dealt with, as stated above, by the Military Service ( Civil Liabilities) Department,
which is empowered to grant assistance in respect of:
Rent;
Interest and instalments payable in respect of loans, including mortgages;
Instalments payable under agreements for the purchase of business premises, a dwelling-house, furniture, and the like;
Rates and taxes;
Insurance premiums; and
School fees.
Grants may not be made at a rate exceeding £104 a year.
Land For Irish Soldiers
asked the Prime Minister when the Bill dealing with the distribution of land to Irish soldiers who have served in the War will be introduced; and whether it is the intention of the Government that its various stages shall be completed before the Recess?
My right hon. Friend has asked me to answer this question. With regard to the first part of the question, I would refer the right hon. and learned Gentleman to the reply given to his question on this subject on the 16th inst. I fear it would be impossible to carry the Bill through all its stages in the time available before the Recess.
Re-Housing After War (Ireland)
asked the Chief Secretary for Ireland whether any scheme has yet been formulated by the Irish Departments and public bodies concerned for re-housing after the War; and, having regard to the urgency and importance of this question, will he consider the advisability of summoning immediately a national conference of all those interested in housing reform in Ireland?
This matter has been engaging the attention of the Irish Government, but I am not yet in a position to make a definite statement as to the measures proposed.
asked the Chief Secretary for Ireland whether he can state definitely what arrangements have been made or are contemplated to assist housing operations in Ireland, especially in Dublin; whether similar measures have been arranged as those in force for Great Britain; whether equal financial assistance and provision of materials will be given; and whether he is aware that this is an urgent question?
I would refer the hon. Member to the reply which I have just given to a similar question on the subject by the hon. and gallant Member for the Mid Division of county Cork. As I have already informed the hon. Member, it is intended that Ireland shall participate in any measures submitted to Parliament for the improvement of housing conditions.
Hospital Ships (Submarine Attacks)
asked the First Lord of the Admiralty if he can now announce the policy to be pursued in relation to the placing of German officers of high rank upon hospital ships, or the means to be taken in future to protect those ships against the enemy's submarines?
The question of the best measures to be adopted to secure immunity for hospital ships is under consideration, and I regret it is not possible to make any statement on the subject at the present time.
Military Service
Conscientious Objectors
asked the Under-Secretary of State for War whether he will make inquiries as to the condition of William Davidson, conscientious objector, who was arrested by the police on 2nd July last and handed over to the military authorities at Maryhill Barracks, Glasgow, and was from there taken to Fort Matilda to await his court-martial, and who, when his father visited him on 15th July last, was found to be in a state of physical and mental collapse, unable to stand and had to be supported by two soldiers; and if, having regard to the urgency of the case if the facts are as here stated, he will take suitable action without delay?
If my hon. Friend will furnish me with the name of the regiment to which Davidson belongs and his regimental number, I will have inquiry made.
asked the Home Secretary if the concession allowing conscientious objectors in prison to lend books to other conscientious objectors in the same prison is working satisfactorily; if, in regard to conscientious objectors in Newcastle Gaol, an Order has been sent down from the Home Office to the effect that no books are to be lent at all under any circumstances; and, if so, whether he can state the effect of this concession?
There is no general concession which allows one prisoner to lend hooks to another. In individual cases, subject to the authority of the Governor, books may be lent.
Optical Instrument Makers
asked the Under-Secretary of State for War if his attention has been called to the loss which is being inflicted upon both Navy, Army, and Air Service by the withdrawal of employés from the firm of Adam Hilger, Limited, and kindred highly specialised firms of optical instrument makers; whether he is aware that before the War there was only a very limited number indeed of firms doing this class of work, and that the Government was entirely dependent upon Germany for the most modern gun-sights and practically so for other optical munitions for both Army and Navy; whether there is a shortage of certain optical munitions, notably for the Air Service, and a shortage generally of the material produced by these firms; and if he can see his way, in the highest interests of the War and of victory, to authorise the return to these firms of the men recently joined up and to withdraw the demand for the other men, even when under twenty-three years of age, remembering that these are all of the most highly technical type, and that they have been given since their boyhood the most skilled training that optical workers can possibly get?
I have been asked to reply to this question. A certain number of young skilled men have been called up for military service from firms making optical instruments. Eleven of the 300 employés of Messrs. Adam Hilger have been recruited, of whom four, all under twenty years of age, were highly skilled men, whom the Ministry of Munitions would have been glad to retain, if the Government's policy as to men of these years had admitted of any exceptions. In addition, three employés have enlisted voluntarily. The number of firms manufacturing optical munitions before the War was limited. The Ministry of Munitions have secured a large extension of the capacity of the country, and, although the continued growth of demands for war purposes has prevented there being a surplus at any time, there has for some time past been no severe shortage. It is not possible to obtain the release from the Colours of the youths recently called up.
Local Tribunals
asked the Minister of National Service if he is aware that upon the local tribunals throughout the country a number of persons who are locally notoriously unsympathetic to the War have in some manner got upon such tribunals; that favour is shown by these people to anyone who pleads conscientious objection; and if he will move in such a manner that the tribunals may be rid of such persons?
I have been asked to answer this question. I am not aware that the facts are as stated. If it is clearly shown that any member of a tribunal is not acting in an impartial manner, I can assure my hon. Friend that I am quite prepared to consider the question of his removal from the tribunal.
Damcroft Mills, Peebles
asked the Under-Secretary of State for War whether he is aware that the military authorities on 3rd Nov-November, 1914, entered into a lease of a portion of Damcroft Mills, Peebles, at a rent of £20 per month terminable on one week's notice; that they gave notice to terminate the lease on 14th October, 1915, and paid the rent of £20 per month until 21st October, 1915, when the notice expired; that the military authorities continued their occupancy of the premises by tacit relocation; that the liquidator of the owning company who was in possession of the premises, forwarded to the chief War Department land agent on 8th July, 1916, a claim for rent from 21st November 1915, until 7th March, 1916, when the mills were sold by him; that the claim was acknowledged on 12th July, 1916, by the chief War Department land agent; that the solicitors for the liquidator have since that date sent repeated reminders and had interviews with the Scottish Command with the view of getting the matter disposed of; that the command land agent, Scottish Command, wrote on 9th April, 1918, suggesting that the solicitors should get into communication with the War Department valuer, Edinburgh; and that the solicitors wrote to the War Department valuer, Edinburgh, on 13th April, 1918; and whether, seeing that no reply has been received from the War Department valuer, the Department is now prepared to order repayment of the amount of the claim?
I am making inquiry into this matter, and I hope to be in a position to inform my hon. Friend of the result within the next few days.
Soldiers' Leave
asked the Undersecretary of State for War whether many men have served two years and even more in Salonika without any leave; and whether some reasonable arrangements for leave can now be made?
As I stated yesterday, arrangements have now been made for the resumption of leave parties from Salonika to the United Kingdom, and I am hopeful that it will be possible to give leave in the near future to all those who have been abroad so long at Salonika without any leave.
asked the Home Secretary whether he is aware that the last batch of men called to the Colours from the City of of London Police Force, and now attached to the Brigade of Guards at Caterham, have not received the leave that was promised them on being posted to their regiments; and, if so, will he arrange with the military authorities that this is granted?
My right hon. Friend has asked me to answer this question. The men referred to proceeded on seven days' leave on Monday last.
Long Moor Camp
asked the Under-Secretary of State for War if he is aware that sixty or seventy men in the camp at Long Moor, Hants, are malaria cases, and that any man who has a relapse and goes before the doctor, no matter what his state may be, is sent back to his tent, the medical officer having given orders that no malaria cases can be admitted to hospital, and that, in consequence, men seriously ill are left lying in their huts without medical attention?
I am making inquiry, and will acquaint my hon. Friend of the result in due course.
Gas For Warfare Purposes
asked the Undersecretary of State for War whether the production and use of gas for war purposes is under the management of the War Office, the Trench Warfare Department, or Lord Justice Moulton's High Explosive Committee; and if he can give any information as to the comparative effectiveness in quality and quantity of the British gas in shells and bombs as against the German gas?
I have been asked to reply to this question. The Ministry of Munitions is responsible for the production of gas for warfare purposes, research being undertaken by the Chemical Warfare Department, manufacture by the Explosives Supply Department, and filling of shells and other containers by the Gun Ammunition Filling Department. The responsibility for the use of gas rests with the Command in France. It is not in the public interest to give information as to the comparative effectiveness of the numerous types of gas used in British and German shells.
Army Form Stores (Time- Workers' Pay)
asked the Financial Secretary to the War Office whether he is aware that, although the 12½ per cent. bonus for time-workers was awarded as from October last, the majority of the men in Army form stores, New Kent Road, have only received it as from the 1st April; and whether he will make inquiries into the matter with a view to all the men entitled to the bonus being treated alike?
This establishment is not one to which the Statutory Orders relating to the 12½ per cent. advance apply The advance was extended to Woolwich Arsenal as a whole, with effect from October, 1917, and was granted, with effect from the same date, to employés in the Army form stores who are transferees from Woolwich following on the arrangement made at the time of transfer that they should thereby suffer no pecuniary loss. It was extended to workmen of the same classes engaged since the transfer of the store from Woolwich, but no similar reason exists in their case for antedating the advance.
Naval And Military Pensions And Grants
asked the Financial Secretary to the War Office on what grounds the wife of a soldier Who moves from the country to London is refused the London allowance; and whether, in like manner, the wife of a soldier moving from London to the country, and who has been in the habit of drawing the London allowance, is permitted by the military authorities to continue to do so?
The London allowance was designed to enable those who had permanent homes in London to meet the extra cost of living involved by residence in the London area, and is therefore withdrawn on removal from that area.
Munitions
Cunard Shipbuilding Company
asked the Minister of Munitions why his Department is giving large orders for wheels and wheel repairs to the Cunard Shipbuilding Company, who have had no experience of this work, while applications from experienced wheel manufacturers who can do the work at lower rates and more expeditiously have been refused?
The Cunard Company have made quantities of new wheels since early 1915—all such contracts being the result of competitive tendering. No orders for new wheels have been placed with this firm since July, 1917. As regards wheel repair, a distinct problem arose about a year ago, when the repair of damaged gun-carriage wheels returned from the front became acute. These are heavier work than the repair of the transport vehicle wheels. After full consideration of all the existing facilities, the work was distributed between the Cunard Company, who had premises available at Mill-wall and one of the railway companies. The areas in which damaged wheels can be economically repaired are comparatively small, and are regulated by the port of arrival and the point of despatch. All available capacity within these areas has been thoroughly examined, and the Department is satisfied that in one form or another it has been, and is being, utilised to the utmost. No application from experienced wheel makers for repair of damaged gun wheels has been received. As the existing wheel makers are understood to be fully occupied, such applications can hardly be expected. The Ministry will be glad to hear of any wheelmaker not fully employed.
Discharged Soldiers (Institutional Treatment)
asked the Pensions Minister, concerning a discharged soldier who is under treatment at a municipal sanatorium for consumptives where civilian patients are treated free and where there are patients receiving the full sickness benefit of 10s. per week under the National Health Insurance scheme in addition to free treatment, whether it is in accordance with the present policy in regard to treatment of discharged soldiers in public institutions, that the soldier in question, a man with a wife and two children dependent upon him, suffers a reduction of 7s. per week from his pension, and a further reduction of 5s. a week from his National Health Insurance benefit during the period of treatment; and, if so, whether he will take steps to have this injustice to discharged soldiers removed?
In the case of a discharged soldier with a wife and two children dependent on him, admission to a sanatorium carries an allowance of at least 13s. 9d. to the wife, with a further allowance of 11s. 8d. in respect of the children. At the same time the man himself draws an allowance in lieu of pension of at least 27s. 6d. a week, against which a deduction of 1s. a day is made for maintenance. He will also draw 5s. a week under the Insurance Acts, assuming, as the question implies, that he is insured and qualifies for the full rate of benefit. In all, therefore, he gets for himself, his wife, and his children at least £2 10s. 11d. a week, in addition to his own maintenance and medical treatment. The benefits thus obtained represent in part the return for his insurance payments and in part compensation for disability caused by service, and constitutes, in my opinion, a not ungenerous provision. I may add that Parliament has specially provided for the reduction of insurance benefit by 5s. a week in Section 1 of the National Insurance (Part I. Amendment) Act, 1915.
Food Supplies
Special Constables (Rations)
asked the Home Secretary if he will arrange for special constables to be allowed extra rations in order to help them physically in carrying out their hours of additional work?
This is a matter for the authorities of the different police forces to arrange with the local food committees, who have instructions in the matter from the Ministry of Food.
Farm Implements
asked the President of the Board of Agriculture whether several thousand farm implements were purchased by the Department to meet the demands of increased corn production; and whether, owing to the miscalculation in the provision of horses and labour, some 3,000 unused implements are now being offered to the makers at 20 per cent. less than cost price?
The answer to the first part of the question is in the affirmative. The answer to the second part of the question is in the negative, but the arrangements as to the disposal of all surplus implements is at present under the consideration of the Surplus Government Property Disposal Board.
Metropolitan Police (Pay)
asked the Home Secretary whether he is aware that the London County Council are proposing to pay the firemen in London further increased pay in view of the extra cost of living in the London area; and if he has considered, or if he will consider, whether a further increase of pay should now be given to the officers and men of the Metropolitan Police Force, which is a similar service, as regards duties and pay, to the London Fire Brigade?
asked the Home Secretary whether he will consider a further increase in the remuneration of the Metropolitan Police Force, having regard to the fact that the Fire Brigade Committee of the London County Council is recommending a considerable increase in the pay of the members of the London Fire Brigade, who do work of the same character?
The question of making a further increase in the remuneration of the Metropolitan Police Force is under consideration, but I do not expect to be able to announce my decision in the matter for some little time.
Aliens
Casings Companies (Employes)
asked the Home Secretary whether he will ascertain how many men are employed by Vormberger, Hirsch and Company, alias the Universal Casings Company, at Brighton; how many of these are enemy or neutral aliens, and are any of the non-alien employés of military age and fitness; and has he been able to ascertain when the managing director, Charles Vormberger, changed his name to Charles Vernon?
My inquiries show that only two persons are employed by this firm at Brighton—a man aged twenty-nine and a boy aged fourteen. Both are natural-born British subjects, and the man is in possession of a certificate of exemption issued by the Ministry of Munitions. I understand that Charles Vorberger, junior, the managing director, who is a natural-born British subject, changed his name to Vernon by deed poll in November, 1915.
asked the Home Secretary whether Kraft, Hornung and Company, alias the English and Continental Casings Company, have in their employment eighteen German employés, nine of whom have been released, along with two of the three directors, Jaeger, Wille, and Hornung, from internment by special permit?
I would refer the hon. and gallant Member to the reply which I gave on the 10th December last to the hon. Member for the Brentford Division. I have nothing to add to that answer, except that the firm have since taken over a business at Bradford, in which three exempted alien enemies are employed on this Government work.
Advisory Committee
asked the Home Secretary whether he can meet the views of the public in respect of enemy aliens, especially in large towns like Manchester, by the establishment in such areas of a local committee or authority before whom all those who desire to bring forward cases of enemy aliens, whether naturalised or not, may have inquiry made and such aliens dealt with according to the facts disclosed, thus removing the unrest occasioned by the belief that such persons are in their midst?
The cases of enemy aliens exempted from internment are about to be dealt with by the Advisory Committee, whose appointment was announced in the Press yesterday. The public have been invited to communicate to the Committee any statement they may wish to make with regard to any individual enemy alien. The Committee are empowered, if they think it desirable, to hold local inquiries. Any information throwing suspicion on any naturalised person should be communicated to the police, who will make all necessary inquiries.
Government Departments
asked the Home Secretary if he can now give the names of the Committee appointed to consider the cases of persons not the children of British-born subjects employed in Government Departments and the terms of reference to the Committee?
As this Committee will be concerned with all the Government Departments, the appointment will be made by the Prime Minister. As soon as the Committee has been appointed a public announcement will be made.
Whitchurch Postmaster
asked the Home Secretary whether he is aware that a German is acting as postmaster or sub-postmaster at Whitchurch, Cardiff, and that his son and daughter were transferred to Cardiff post office in 1914, and are still employed there; is he aware that this German, Mr. Hensch, is also carrying on his hairdressing business on the same premises; and, seeing that there are wounded soldiers in the place who may visit this shop, will he see that the danger entailed by this man is removed at once?
My right hon. Friend has asked me to answer this question. The man referred to was naturalised twelve years ago. He has had no connection with Post Office business since 1914. His son and daughter are in the Post Office service at Cardiff. They are British-born.
Petrol (Licence)
asked the President of the Board of Trade whether he is aware that the Petrol Control Department issued a licence or permit for petrol to C. K. Gibbs, of 57, Lancaster Road, Belsize Park, N.W., on or about 6th June, 1918; for what purpose was the same issued, what quantity of petrol was authorised to be used, and in respect of what petrol-driven vehicle; and how much petrol has been obtained in pursuance of such licence?
A motor-spirit licence authorising Mr. Gibbs to obtain two gallons of petrol per month for seven months was issued to him on the 6th June, 1918, upon the receipt of a recommendation from the Ministry of Munitions by whom recommendations regarding the requirements of petrol by munition workers for proceeding to and from their work are made to the Petrol Control Department. The licence was issued in respect of a motor cycle, but as it is presumably still in the possession of Mr. Gibbs, it cannot be stated how much petrol has been obtained under it.
French Cargo Conference
asked the Parliamentary Secretary to the Shipping Controller why the French General Cargo Conference was not constructed on the same lines as the Mediterranean Conference—i.e., by calling together all the firms concerned; why were only four firms called to the later conference; why these firms were allowed to fix the freight rates for Channel trade at an advance of 33⅓ per cent. above previous rates charged, although these firms enjoy the privilege of being allowed to charter vessels, in some cases from their trade competitors, at the rate of 65s. per ton, whereas other firms have paid as much as 127s. 6d. per ton, and were content to work for a much lower freight rate?
The French Cargo Conference was composed of the thirteen regular lines which were established before the War. The rates of freight charged are fixed so as to produce a return equivalent to that earned by ships engaged in the French coal trade at the limitation rates. If my hon. and gallant Friend will furnish me with particulars of the case in which it is alleged that an advance of 33⅓ per cent. has been made, I shall be happy to inquire into the matter.