asked the President of the Board of Trade whether he is aware of the increasing practice of marketing ready-made cotton textiles of foreign origin under British firms' branded trade names; and what steps he proposes to take in the matter.

My right hon. Friend will be glad to examine any specific information which the hon. Member may have on this subject. The Merchandise Marks Acts deal with the application of false or misleading trade descriptions to goods, and in suitable cases he is prepared to authorise prosecution for what appear to be breaches of the law.

asked the President of the Board of Trade why he is prepared to grant Italian oil companies licences to import refined Soviet oil to this country; why he refuses to licence the direct importation of Soviet crude oil which could be refined in the United Kingdom; and if he will make a statement.

It is not our policy to allow additional imports of Soviet oil for the reasons given by my right hon. Friend's predecessor in reply to a Question by the hon. Member for Devon, North (Mr. Thorpe) on 8th June, and no licences are being issued to Italian companies for this purpose.

asked the President of the Board of Trade what was the approximate total value of trade in imports and exports, respectively, during 1960 with the African and Asian countries of the Commonwealth; if he will express these figures in terms of 1954 prices; if he is aware that during the last six years the prices of such imports fell by 1 per cent. while the prices of such exports rose by 11 per cent.; and if he will propose a conference of the Governments concerned to investigate means by which Her Majesty's Government may help to offset the effects of this unfavourable balance.

United Kingdom imports from and exports to the countries concerned in 1960 were £889 million and £765 million, respectively. I regret that it has not been possible to undertake the work needed to express these figures in terms of 1954 prices. My right hon. Friend is aware that between 1954 and 1960 the price index for our imports from all sources fell by 1 per cent. and that the index for exports to all destinations rose by 11 per cent.As regards the last part of the Question, problems of this kind are already considered within the Commonwealth by the Commonwealth Economic Consultative Council and its subordinate committees, as well as internationally by such bodies as the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation and the G.A.T.T. My right hon. Friend does not think that a special conference is necessary, or would be useful.

asked the President of the Board of Trade what steps he takes to ensure that, when an application for action against dumping is made to him, he has immediate information of the price at which the commodity which is the subject of the application is being sold in the United Kingdom.

The Board of Trade would normally look to an industry which applies for anti-dumping action itself to provide some initial evidence of the price on the British market of the goods suspected of being dumped, but if the case appeared to justify fuller investigation the Board would then make any necessary further inquiries.

asked the President of the Board of Trade what estimate he has made of the percentage increase in exports which will be needed per annum to sustain an annual increase in productivity of 4½ per cent.

My right hon. Friend has made no such estimate.

asked the President of the Board of Trade if he will undertake not to conclude a trade agreement with Japan whilst the Japanese Government continues to subsidise exports, or alternatively, until such time as the United Kingdom does the same.

We have repeatedly made clear our attitude towards export subsidies and the Japanese Government are well aware of our dislike of them. But my right hon. Friend must also have regard to the importance of securing arrangements which will promate the expansion of our trade with Japan.

asked the President of the Board of Trade what plans he has for the attraction of new industry to Scotland for the employment of miners who will become redundant as a result of pit closures in the next few years.

I would refer the hon. Member to the Answer given to the hon. Member for Fife, West (Mr. W. Hamilton) on 16th November.

asked the President of the Board of Trade if he is aware of delays in industrial developments in Scotland, arising from the uncertainty of Great Britain's position in relation to the Common Market; and what action he proposes to take to assist industries thus affected.

My right hon. Friend is, of course, aware that the investment plans of some firms may be affected by our negotiations for joining the Common Market. Where serious unemployment is threatened for this, or any other reason, we are always ready to consider using our powers of assistance under the Local Employment Act.

asked the President of the Board of Trade what estimates he has made of the loss of jobs that will take place as the result of pit and rail closures in Scotland; and what particular steps he proposes to take to provide additional new jobs in Scotland.

I understand that about 5,000 men are at present employed in the collieries in Scotland which the National Coal Board have announced are likely to be closed in 1962, but the N.C.B. expect to be able to offer jobs elsewhere to the great majority of those who will still be seeking employment in the mines. I am also informed that there is not likely to be an appreciable loss of jobs as a result of the rail closures and that there should be no redundancy.As to the second part of the Question, I would refer the hon. Member to the reply given on 16th November to the hon. Member for Fife, West (Mr. W. Hamilton).

asked the President of the Board of Trade what consultations took place between his Department and the British Transport Commission prior to the recently announced rail closures in Scotland, regarding the number of men likely to be in need of new jobs.

None.

asked the President of the Board of Trade whether, in view of recent developments in the coalmining industry, he will now add the new town of Glenrothes to the list of areas of unemployment scheduled under the terms of the Local Employment Act.

No. Not on the information at present available. But my right hon. Friend is watching the situation closely.

asked the President of the Board of Trade how many new industries have been established in Cornwall since the passing of the Local Employment Act; and what are their locations.

Two, both in the Bodmin development district, and two other firms have decided to go to Cornwall.

asked the President of the Board of Trade whether the terms of membership of the Pamatrada design organisation have been registered with the Registrar of Restrictive Trade Practices.

My right hon. Friend is not responsible for the registration of agreements under the Restrictive Trade Practices Act. It is open to any member of the public on payment of the appropriate fee to inspect particulars of agreements registered.

asked the President of the Board of Trade what changes there have been in deliveries of woollen fabrics for July and August, 1960, over July and August, 1959, and for July and August, 1961, over July and August, 1959.

Deliveries of woven woollen fabrics in the two months July and August of 1960 and 1961 were, respectively, 5 per cent. and 9 per cent. less than in the corresponding months of 1959.

asked the President of the Board of Trade by what amount the 1960 exports from the United Kingdom to the countries that now form the European Economic Community exceeded the figures for exports to those countries during the year 1950.

The information is available from the Trade and Navigation Accounts which are documents presented to the House.

asked the President of the Board of Trade if he is aware of the increasing price of apples in the shops; and what steps he is taking to ensure adequate imports, thus avoiding excessive prices at Christmas.

I would refer the hon. Member to my right hon. Friend's reply to similar Questions by my hon. Friends the Members for Shipley (Mr. Hirst) and Macclesfield (Sir A. V. Harvey) on 7th November, to which I have nothing to add.

asked the Parliamentary Secretary for Science what public funds will be available to carry out the further research Her Majesty's Government have authorised on a nuclear reactor suitable for merchant ships; and where this research will take place.

The details of the programme are now being worked out. Work will be carried out both in the establishments of the Atomic Energy Authority and by industry.

asked the Parliamentary Secretary for Science what arrangements exist for the financial compensation of third parties and employees, respectively, for damage and injuries resulting from nuclear accidents in experimental establishments; how much compensation has been paid to date; and how many claims are pending.

The Atomic Authority and certain Government Departments have an absolute liability for injury or damage to third parties, or employees, by ionising radiations. £63,000 compensation, mostly in respect of milk withdrawn from consumption in 1957 following the Windscale incident, has been paid by the Atomic Energy Authority. Two claims are pending.

asked the Parliamentary Secretary for Science if he will now give the dates when the universities of London, Manchester and Edinburgh will be allowed to commence building a low-power nuclear reactor.

No, but I hope to be in a position to make an announcement shortly.

asked the Parliamentary Secretary for Science if he will state the amount of money that has been allocated to the universities for research purposes for the years 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960 and 1961.

The greater part of the expenditure on scientific and technological research in universities, which was estimated at £23·3 million in 1958–59 and £25·9 million in 1959–60, is met from the recurrent grants made by the Treasury on the recommendation of the University Grants Committee, and is not separately identified. Research Council grants to universities and to Research Units and Institutes associated with universities amounted to £3·1 million in 1957–58, £3·5 million in 1958–59, £4·5 million in 1959–60, £6 million in 1960–61, and £8·2 million in 1961–62. Details of these are given below.

asked the Parliamentary Secretary for Science if he is aware of the setting up of the British Ship Research Association at Wallsend which will work in conjunction with Parsons Marine Engineering Turbine Research and Development Association; and, in view of the benefits to be derived from this association by the shipping industry, if he will give financial help to it.

I would refer the hon. Member to the answer which I gave last Tuesday. The industries concerned have now announced their proposals for setting up a British Ship Research Association, and discussions are proceeding with the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research on the constitutional and financial aspects. The Association will be eligible for grant-aid from the Department.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs, in connection with the advice given by his Department to the St. Albans Rural District Council last July about helping gypsies and other travellers, what reply has been received; and what further action he will take in this matter.

The rural district council has informed my right hon. Friend that the immediate problem in the district has largely disappeared. I understand, however, that the county council is considering the position regarding caravans in the county generally, including the needs of gypsies regularly resident in the county.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs if he will name the local authorities which have been approached by his Department on behalf of gypsies and other travellers since 1st January, 1953.

We have had a considerable amount of correspondence with local authorities about different aspects of this matter in the last 9 years.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs whether he has yet considered the report of the inquiry into the town plan for the Easington area and further development in Peterlee.

I have sent the right hon. Gentleman a copy of my decision on the proposals for Easington. I hope that this decision which will go some way to meet the representations on behalf of the surrounding villages, while still paying regard to the importance in the interests of this part of County Durham of building up Peterlee, will be generally accepted as a sensible compromise.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs if he will ask county councils to conduct a survey and census of caravan dwellers, with a view to ascertaining the position regarding employment, education and health of these people, and to estimate how many of them live in caravans by choice.

A full investigation into the problems of caravan living was undertaken by Sir Arton Wilson, and the results were published in his report, Caravans as Homes, in November, 1959. My right hon. Friend does not think a further general survey is required now.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs whether he is prepared to confirm a compulsory purchase order on flats owned by the Church Commissioners at Nos. 1 to 18, 3A and 18A Westminster Mansions, Great Smith Street, and Nos. 47 to 58 Westminster Mansions, Little Smith Street, S.W.1, as requested by the Westminster City Council.

I have not been so requested.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs when he expects to announce his decision on the revocation order public inquiry held in Cardiff on 22nd August, 1961, concerning 31 Palace Road, Llandaff, Cardiff.

I have sent to the hon. Member a copy of my decision and a copy of my Inspector's report on the public inquiry.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs what steps he takes to co-ordinate the application of the Clean Air Act by local authorities; and if he will make a statement.

My right hon. Friend intends shortly to call for revised programmes of smoke control from black area authorities. When he has seen the programmes he will consider whether any further steps to encourage co-ordination between local authorities are needed.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs if he will now make a statement on the future use of the site of the former Royal Ordnance factory at Swynnerton.

Proposals for dealing with the immediate problem of Birmingham's overspill were sent to all the local authorities concerned in a letter of 30th August. I am sending a copy to the hon. Member. These proposals did not include development of Swynnerton and I have, therefore, no statement to make.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs, in view of the fumes emitted by Battersea Power Station, what advice has been given by the Alkali Inspectorate on how the nuisance from these fumes may be reduced.

The Central Electricity Generating Board is under obligation to wash the flue gases in order to remove sulphur. This gives rise to the characteristic while plume. Under certain atmospheric conditions this plume falls to ground level. The Alkali Inspectors have advised the Board that in such conditions it may be in the public interest to maintain the buoyancy of the gases, in order to ensure their dispersal, even at the expense of some reduction in sulphur removal.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs whether he will consider issuing new guidance to the local authorities about the need for tree preservation orders, since none has been issued for 12 years, and only 400 orders were confirmed for the whole of England and Wales in 1960.

We have no evidence to suggest that local authorities require fresh guidance about the need for making tree preservation orders in the interests of amenity. I believe they are well aware how and when to use their powers. But if the hon. Member will let me know of any particular difficulties he has in mind I shall be glad to consider what can be done to help.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs whether he is yet in a position to announce the Government's conclusions regarding the recommendations of the Royal Commission on Local Government in Greater London.

Yes. A White Paper will be presented to Parliament tomorrow and will be published during the afternoon.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs whether his attention has been drawn to the recent report of the county medical officer of health for Shropshire and to the comments of the county sanitary officer regarding housing conditions in the county; and whether he will make a statement.

I am aware of the report and I hope that it will spur the local authorities concerned into doing all they can to improve housing conditions in their areas.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs what representations and information he has received from local authorities in the London area in respect of overcrowding due to immigration; and what assistance he is giving to those and other local authorities to enable them to ease the housing shortage.

I am aware from information received from a number of authorities that housing difficulties have been aggravated in those parts of London where large numbers of immigrants have settled. Authorities will be helped to meet urgent housing needs by the Housing Act, 1961, which makes subsidy for new houses more widely available, London housing generally will be helped by the increase in the subsidy payable for over-spill building. Administrative action is being taken to ensure that more land will be set aside for housing in development plans.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs if he will now provide financial assistance to the Slough Borough Council to enable them to provide accommodation for the growing number of recently evicted families due to the operations of the Rent Act.

No representations have been made to me by the council on this matter. Financial assistance is already available for any houses which a local authority need to build.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs if he will introduce legislation to authorise local authorities to requisition unoccupied accommodation to provide dwellings for evicted families.

Local authorities already possess adequate powers to deal with this problem.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs whether he is aware of the increase in the number of families awaiting rehousing by local authorities in Wales; and what plans he has to help these local authorities to speed up the provision of council houses.

I have no evidence that the number of families in urgent need of accommodation in Wales is increasing. Where there are urgent needs, the provisions of the Housing Act, 1961, which make subsidy more widely available, will help authorities to provide for those needs.

asked the Minister of Housing and Local Government and Minister for Welsh Affairs if he will recommend the appointment of a Royal Commission to re-examine the present leasehold system, and to make recommendations.

No.

asked the Postmaster-General whether he is aware that a firm, the name of which has been sent to him, is circularising General Post Office telephone subscribers, and purporting to do so in an official capacity, in order to sell certain information to them; whether he is aware of the use being made of the postal services for this purpose; whether such activities have been authorised by him; and whether he will investigate these activities, and take action to protect telephone subscribers from being misled by them.

I should like to emphasise that the Post Office neither supports nor sponsors this organisation in any way. I have asked the promoter to refrain from including anything in his literature which could mislead telephone subscribers into thinking that I had approved its activities or that it was officially connected with the Post Office in any way. I shall continue to watch the position.

asked the Postmaster-General if he has studied the representations he has received from the Bristol Broadcasting Society, a copy of which has been sent to him by the hon. Member for Bristol, Central, regarding the difficulties encountered by this body, which is dependent on voluntary funds. in providing sports and other broadcasts to hospitals, following his decision to increase telephone charges; and what reply he has sent.

Yes. As regards the level of charges, I am sorry I cannot go beyond what I said in my reply to my hon. Friend the Member for Acton (Mr. Holland) on 6th November. The changes I then announced will reduce the amount of the increase by about £200 a year. I am replying to the hon. Member's letter in detail today.

asked the Postmaster-General if he will state the size of the waiting list for telephones in the Oxford telephone area at the end of March and the end of September in the years 1959, 1960 and 1961; and what proportion these figures bore to the total number of subscribers.

The following are the figures:

asked the Postmaster-General why he increased, on 1st November, the charges for the direct telephone lines for ambulance services in Bristol by over 50 per cent; and whether, in view of the special nature of these services, he will reconsider his decision with a view to making concessions.

I have been obliged to increase certain charges, including those for telephone private wires, in order to maintain Post Office finances on a sound basis. I regret I am not prepared to make tariff concessions to particular groups of users of the telephone service.

asked the Postmaster General if he will now review the present standard regarding the provision of post offices in town areas, having regard to the expansion of Post Office business and the substantial increase in users of counter services since the present standard was introduced.

My right hon. Friend is satisfied that the broad standards to which we work in these cases are reasonable; but we do keep a close watch on their application to ensure that they are applied flexibly. Our aim is to use our resources as equitably as we can to meet the needs of areas where business is expanding.

asked the Postmaster-General whether he has reached a conclusion regarding the possible introduction of a Giro system in the Post Office; and if he will make a statement.

I am sorry I am not yet in a position to make a statement.

asked the Postmaster-General what is the avarage percentage increase in teleprinter service charges resulting from the new charges announced last July.

The average increase in the rentals for telegraph private circuits is about 17½ per cent. and for the associated equipment 20 per cent.

asked the Postmaster-General how many special stamps have been issued in the past fifteen years to mark outstanding current national and international events; and if he will give a list of the events in respect of which such stamps have been issued.

Twenty-nine special stamps have been issued in the past fifteen years for the following ten outstanding current events:

asked the Postmaster-General what plans he has made for relaxing the existing restrictions applicable to the foreign film quota in the event of the present strike in the Independent television companies reducing the number of programmes available for transmission.

Section 3 (1) (d) of the Television Act provides that it shall be the duty of the Independent Television Authority to satisfy themselves that, so far as possible, proper proportions of the recorded and other matter included in the programmes are of British origin and of British performance. That remains the position whatever the circumstances.

asked the Secretary of State for the Home Department in how many cases defaulters upon debts incurred under hire purchase agreements were committed to prison, and for how long on average, in London, Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham and Cardiff, respectively, during the 12 months for which statistics are most conveniently available.

I regret that the information requested is not available.

asked the Secretary of State for the Home Department whether he can now state the Government's plans with regard to the report of the Ingleby Committee on Children and Young Persons.

A number of the Committee's recommendations were implemented in the Criminal Justice Act, 1961. The Government agree with most of the recommendations, including the recommendation that local authorities should have new powers to prevent or forestall the suffering of children through neglect in their own homes. I am not, however, persuaded that the time is opportune to raise the age of criminal responsibility; and there are other proposals, of less general importance, which are still under consideration. It is as yet too early to forecast when legislation will be possible since there will not be time this session.

asked the Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations if he is aware that Mr. Nehru, Prime Minister of India, has publicly stated that as a consequence of the Commonwealth Immigrants Bill he does not want a single Indian to emigrate to Great Britain; and, in, view of the injury this does to Indo-British friendship, what steps he is taking to restore good relations.

The hon. Lady is no doubt referring to remarks by Mr. Nehru to the Press on 20th November. Since he is reported to have said that he had no particular comment to make on the Commonwealth Immigrants Bill, I cannot accept the implication in the first part of the Question.

asked the Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations whether the statement by the British High Commissioner to Canada on the Common Market on 22nd November was made with his authority.

The speech in question was a frank and able explanation of the problems which will be raised by Britain's entry into the Common Market. It is part of the regular duties of our High Commissioners to expound the policies of the British Government and for this they require no special authority.

asked the Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food what was the outcome of his talks with the French Minister of Agriculture, M. Pisani, on 4th November, about the import of French butter into Great. Britain.

The French Minister's visit to this country on 11th and 12th November provided a useful opportunity for a confidential exchange of ideas on a number of matters of common agricultural interest to our two countries. During our talks butter was discussed. My hon. Friend the Minister of State, Board of Trade, has today informed the House of the steps taken to deal with dumped and subsidised butter imports from a number of countries, including France.

asked the Minister of Aviation if he will give details of the date on which, and the place at which, his Parliamentary Secretary spent a night studying aircraft noise at London Airport.

My Parliamentary Secretary spent the night of Wednesday, 8th November, in the General Manager's flat on the second floor of the Queen's building at London Airport.

asked the Secretary of State for the Colonies if he will make a statement about his proposals to implement constitutional advance in Fiji.

Yes. It is proposed that the franchise should be extended to include women and that the present property and income qualifications should be abolished. This means, apart from a simple literacy qualification, universal adult suffrage for the three main racial groups.The membership of Legislative Council will be increased by three elected and three official members. In the next election the Fijians, the Indians and the Europeans will each elect four representatives to Legislative Council. The life of the Legislative Council will be extended from three to five years.I have placed in the Library copies of the exchange of despatches between the Governor and the Secretary of State which set out the proposals in greater detail.

asked the Minister of Health how many mentally subnormal patients in Wales are at present in hospitals for the mentally ill; how many mentally subnormal patients were awaiting admission in Wales in 1959, 1960, and 1961, respectively; how many are at present awaiting admission; and what action is being taken to improve the position during 1962.

209; the unrevised waiting list was 1,139, 1,147 and 1,221 at the 1st January in each year; the waiting list is now 459. The completion of Llanfrechfa Grange Hospital, due in October 1962, will provide 200 additional beds.

asked the Minister of Health how many patients were awaiting admission into hospitals of the Newport and East Monmouthshire area in 1959, 1960, and 1961, respectively; how many are at present awaiting admission; and what action is being taken to reduce the numbers during 1962.

4,406, 5,310 and 5,812 on the 1st January in each year; the present figure is 5,492; 18 additional beds for surgery are being brought into use at Mount Pleasant Hospital, Chepstow, and 17 beds for gynaecology at the County Hospital, Griffithstown.

asked the Minister of Health what proportion of babies born in Monmouthshire last year was born in hospital; and what steps are being taken to increase the number of maternity beds in Monmouthshire.

61 per cent. The first phase of the rebuilding of the Royal Gwent Hospital which will provide 92 obstetric beds will be started in 1962–63.

asked the Minister of Health (1) what action he is taking to see that more doctors are in practice in industrial areas such as Stoke-on-Trent. Manchester, Salford and Eccles;(2) what incentives are, or will be, provided to encourage more doctors to provide medical service in the industrial areas.

Initial practice allowances are payable to doctors starting in single-handed practice in areas designated by the Medical Practices Committee as requiring more doctors. These areas include Eccles and parts of Stoke-on-Trent and of Manchester. I have no power to direct doctors to particular areas.

asked the Minister of Health what action is being taken to see that there are more radiographers in industrial areas; and if he will set out in tabular form the number of radiographers in service per 10,000 people in the areas of Stoke-on-Trent, Manchester, Salford, Eccles, Bournemouth, York, Eastbourne and Torquay.

The number of radiographers in training has substantially increased in all areas. I regret the figures asked for are not available because radiographers are employed by hospital authorities and the population served differs from the population of the local authority areas.

asked the Minister of Health if he will set out in tabular form

asked the Minister of Transport if he will give an estimate of the average cost per mile of constructing urban motorways in the London

The nearest available figures are:

asked the Minister of Health what amounts of cod liver oil and orange juice were distributed in Blyth, Seaton Valley and Bedlington areas, respectively, in the 12 weeks starting 4th July, 1960, and in a similar period starting 3rd July, 1961; and what was the percentage decrease in the distribution of each welfare food.

Following are the figures:area, including the cost of acquisition of property.

The costs both of property acquisition and construction would vary widely according to the route, the number of intersections and the extent to which the motorway needed to be built on a viaduct. It is difficult, therefore, to give an average cost per mile, based as it must be on preliminary estimates, which would be at all significant.

asked the Minister of Transport if he will seek to amend the Removal of Vehicles (England and Wales) Regulations, 1961, to reduce the period of six weeks which elapses before a competent authority may dispose of a vehicle abandoned on the highway.

No. Section 16 of the Road Traffic and Roads Improvement Act, 1960, which confers the power to authorise the competent authority to dispose of an abandoned vehicle, expressly provides that not less than six weeks shall be allowed to enable the vehicle to be claimed. I think that this is a reasonable provision.

asked the Minister of Power how many mineworkers were employed in the Northumberland coalfield in 1945, 1955 and 1961; and whether he will make a statement.

39,850 in 1945, 41,450 in 1955 and 33,500 in October, 1961. The proportionate decline between 1955 and 1961 has been about the same as for the whole of Great Britain.

asked the Chancellor of the Exchequer what proportion of the United Kingdom overseas earnings from shipping and insurance is obtained from business transacted with Commonwealth countries; and what proportion is obtained from business transacted with the countries of the European Economic Community.

I presume the hon. Member is referring to gross earnings. For shipping the approximate proportions are 35 per cent. for Commonwealth countries and 25 per cent. for the European Economic Community. No figures of gross insurance earnings are available, but for net earnings the approximate proportions are 35 per cent. for Commonwealth countries and 20 per cent. for the E.E.C.